What Size Generator Do I Need To Run A Refrigerator?
When the power goes out, one of the most critical appliances in your home that needs continuous electricity is your refrigerator.
Understanding the right size generator to run your refrigerator is essential to ensure it works efficiently during an outage.
A generator that’s too small won’t provide enough power, while one that’s too large could waste fuel and cost you more than necessary.
In this article, we’ll walk you through how to select the ideal generator size for your refrigerator, and how to determine your power needs accurately.
To run a refrigerator, you typically need a generator with 600-800 watts running capacity, though a 2,000-watt generator is ideal to handle both the initial surge power (1,200-2,400 watts) when the compressor starts and the continuous running power (150-400 watts) needs, plus additional appliances if needed. While a 1,000-watt generator might suffice for just a refrigerator, it’s important to check your specific model’s power requirements, as energy-efficient models might need less power, while larger units may require more.
Understanding Refrigerator Power Requirements
The power consumption of a refrigerator varies based on its size, model, and energy efficiency.
To determine the appropriate generator size, it’s crucial to understand both the running wattage (continuous power) and starting wattage (the peak power required to start the appliance).
Running Wattage
The running wattage refers to the continuous amount of power your refrigerator needs to operate once it’s up and running. Most modern refrigerators use anywhere between 100 to 800 watts.
Smaller refrigerators may require as little as 100 watts, while larger models or units with advanced features may need closer to 800 watts or more.
Starting Wattage
Refrigerators, like other appliances with motors, require a surge of power when they first start. This is known as the starting wattage. It can be 2 to 3 times the running wattage.
For example, if your refrigerator requires 500 watts to run, it may need 1,500 watts or more to start up.
Therefore, it’s important to not only look at the running wattage but also account for the starting wattage when selecting a generator.
Table of Wattage Comparison For Refrigerator/Freezer by Size
| Type & Model | Starting Watts | Running Watts |
|---|---|---|
| Mini Fridge | 50 – 100 | 150 – 200 |
| Standard Mini Fridge | 75 – 150 | 300 – 400 |
| Big Mini Fridge | 100 | 400 |
| Modern Fridge (Standard Energy Star Fridge 2001 – till know) | 100 – 400 | 150 – 600 |
| Counter Top Fridge | 160 | 240 |
| Side By Side Fridge | 650 – 800 | 1000 – 1100 |
| Old Fridges (1992 – 2000) | 200 – 800 | 300 – 1300 |
| Refrigerator Showcase | 210 | 315 |
| Mini Glass Refrigerator | 140 | 210 |
| Counter-Top Fridge | 160 | 240 |
| Deep Freezer | 300 – 500 | 530 – 750 |
How to Calculate the Generator Size for Your Refrigerator
Step 1: Check the Refrigerator’s Specifications
Before selecting a generator, you’ll need to know the exact wattage requirements of your refrigerator.
The easiest way to find this information is by checking the manufacturer’s label on the back or inside the fridge door. The label typically lists the power requirements in terms of watts or amperes.
If the label lists amperage instead of watts, you can convert amperes to watts using the following formula
Watts=Amps×Volts
In the United States, most household appliances run on 120 volts, so if the label lists amps (A), multiply by 120 to find the watts.
Step 2: Add Starting and Running Wattage
As mentioned earlier, starting wattage is typically higher than running wattage.
To calculate the total wattage your generator should provide, you need to add the running wattage and starting wattage.
For instance, if your refrigerator uses 500 watts to run and 1,500 watts to start, the generator should provide at least 2,000 watts.
Step 3: Account for Additional Appliances
If you plan to power more than just your refrigerator during an outage, it’s essential to account for the additional wattage needed for other appliances.
For example, if you also need to power lights, a small heater, or a microwave, their wattage needs must be added to the total wattage calculation.
Step 4: Factor in Generator Efficiency
While calculating the required wattage, it’s important to remember that generator efficiency may vary.
You should consider purchasing a generator that offers a little extra capacity above your estimated wattage to ensure reliability.
A good rule of thumb is to choose a generator that can handle 20-30% more wattage than your total need to accommodate potential fluctuations in power demand.
What Size Generator Do You Need for Different Refrigerator Types?
Small Refrigerators (Under 10 cubic feet)
A small refrigerator typically requires 100 to 400 watts of continuous power and has a starting wattage of about 600 to 1,200 watts.
For these refrigerators, a 1,000-watt generator should be more than sufficient, with some models only requiring as little as a 600-watt generator for operation.
Standard Refrigerators (10-18 cubic feet)
The most common refrigerator size used in households, the standard refrigerator typically requires 400 to 700 watts of running power, with a starting wattage of around 1,200 to 1,500 watts.
In this case, a 1,500-watt generator would be appropriate to handle the starting and running wattage, with a 2,000-watt generator offering extra reliability.
Large Refrigerators (Above 18 cubic feet)
Large or commercial-sized refrigerators, especially those with advanced features such as ice makers, water dispensers, and multiple compartments, may consume 700 to 1,000 watts continuously.
The starting wattage can exceed 2,000 watts. Therefore, for these refrigerators, you should aim for a 2,000 to 3,000-watt generator to ensure smooth operation.
Additional Considerations for Choosing the Right Generator
Inverter vs. Conventional Generators
When selecting a generator to power your refrigerator, consider whether to go for an inverter generator or a conventional generator.
Inverter generators are typically quieter and more fuel-efficient, making them a great choice for home use. They are also more stable in terms of power output, which is crucial for sensitive appliances like refrigerators.
Conventional generators, on the other hand, may be cheaper but can generate power fluctuations that might harm your refrigerator. If you opt for a conventional generator, you should ensure it has a voltage regulator to keep the output stable.
Fuel Type
Another important consideration is the type of fuel the generator uses. The most common fuel types for portable generators are gasoline, diesel, and propane. Each fuel type has its pros and cons:
- Gasoline generators are typically the most affordable but can be more expensive to run and store.
- Diesel generators tend to be more efficient and durable but may come at a higher initial cost.
- Propane generators are cleaner-burning and can be stored longer, making them ideal for emergency use.
Choose the fuel type based on your preferences and availability.
Run Time
Finally, consider the generator’s run time at half-load or full load. The longer the run time, the less frequently you’ll need to refuel during a power outage.
Make sure your chosen generator can run for several hours without interruption, especially if you live in an area prone to extended power outages.
Note: The above calculation is for a refrigerator. If you want to run multiple appliances, including a refrigerator, follow our guide.
How Long Should You Run a Generator for a Refrigerator?
A generator can run a refrigerator for about 12 hours, as long as there is enough fuel. However, to save fuel and keep food safe, it is recommended to run the generator for 1 to 3 hours at a time. Also, a generator needs a break after a few hours to last longer. I personally run my refrigerator for 1 hour after every 3 hours to keep food safe.
Can a 2000-Watt Generator Run a Refrigerator?
It depends. A medium-sized refrigerator that uses 1800 watts to start and 1000 watts to run should work fine with a 2000-watt generator. However, a large refrigerator that needs 2000-2500 watts to start and 1500-1700 watts to run won’t work with a 2000-watt generator.
Can a 1000-Watt Generator Run a Refrigerator?
A standard refrigerator that uses 900 watts to start and 500-700 watts to run can work with a 1000-watt generator, or even with a solar generator (check our guide on top solar generators for refrigerators). However, you won’t have enough power left to run other appliances.
Things to Consider Before Buying a Generator:
- What size is your refrigerator?
A large refrigerator with side-by-side doors will use more power than a standard one. A full refrigerator will also use more power than one that’s half full. - What is the amperage of your refrigerator?
Most standard generators have 15 or 20-amp outlets, while larger ones have 30 or 50-amp outlets. Choose a generator that matches your refrigerator’s amperage. - Do you have an older refrigerator?
Older models from the 90s use more power because they are not as efficient. You may need a bigger generator for these models. - Will you run multiple appliances at the same time?
If you plan to run the refrigerator and other appliances at once, you should buy a larger generator. - Does your refrigerator have a freezer?
Refrigerators with freezers use more power than those without. - Does your refrigerator have smart features?
Refrigerators with smart controls and sensors may use more power. They also require a generator that produces very low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). - Does your refrigerator have extra features?
Features like a water dispenser or ice maker use more power.
Conclusion
Choosing the right size generator for your refrigerator is crucial to maintaining the freshness of your food during power outages.
By understanding your refrigerator’s wattage requirements, selecting an appropriately sized generator, and considering additional factors such as fuel type and run time, you can ensure your appliance operates efficiently and reliably.
Remember, investing in a high-quality generator tailored to your needs will provide you with peace of mind and protect your refrigerator and other appliances from potential damage.
I’m Alan William’s, the founder of SmartHeatSolution.com. I am from California, USA, I’m passionate about innovative heating technologies and their impact on our homes and businesses. With a background in electrican and home repair , I aim to make smart, energy-efficient heating accessible to everyone. When I’m not writing, I’m likely interested in all the thermostat brands and their new technnology. Thanks for stopping by!
